| 摘要: | 遊憩用水包含相當廣泛，本研究針對溫泉、水療池的水質維持進行探討，傳統的消毒方式就是加氯消毒，但氯系消毒藥劑有儲存運送與操作之高風險，本研究即以一新穎技術-電解技術於遊憩用水消毒的應用研究為主軸，探討不同的電解操作條件對溫泉及水療池中水質之影響，透過水質檢驗評估與成本分析，以評估最適操作條件。
首先，利用五種不同的電解配置流程進行評估，分別為(1) S-E (水樣經電解作用處理) (2) S-D-E (水樣經消毒過後再經電解作用處理) (3) S-D-NaCl0.01%-E (水樣經消毒過後添加0.01%食鹽水再經電解作用處理) (4) S-D-NaCl0.05%-E (水樣經消毒過後添加0.05%食鹽水再經電解作用處理) (5) S-D-BEW-E (水樣經消毒過後添加1%鹼性電解水再經電解作用處理)，研究顯示，以總菌落數的抑制效果上，只有S-E是沒有符合規定，但S-E卻可以使水中氧化還原電位降低至-6.6 mV~6.1 mV；S-D-NaCl0.05%-E及S-D-BEW-E，雖然可使水中高氧化狀態降低成低氧化狀態，但會產生了濁度上升之問題；S-D-E及S-D-NaCl0.01%-E，則是使水中自由餘氯上升穩定至1~2 mg as Cl2/L，沒有濁度之問題產生，但水中氧化還原電位卻依舊維持在高氧化狀態下。
本研究並利用電解消毒技術，於水療池與溫泉池進行應用研究，首先於嘉南藥理科技大學水療池進行研究，原水pH為7.9~8.3，溫度約為29 ℃，氧化還原電位約為100 mV，導電度約為350 μS/cm，結果顯示，需將水中自由餘氯濃度控制在0.6 mg as Cl2/L，方可將總菌落數抑制在法規標準之下；接下來於泰安錦水飯店進行溫泉池消毒評估，泰安溫泉屬鹼性碳酸氫鹽泉，原泉pH值約為8.9，溫度約為38 ℃，氧化還原電位約為-265 mV，導電度約為3900 μS/cm，結果顯示，溫泉水在pH值小於8.9時，需將水中自由餘氯控制在0.44 mg as Cl2/L以上，而pH值高於8.9時，則需將水中自由餘氯控制在0.55 mg as Cl2/L以上，方可將總菌落數抑制在法規標準之下。在加藥成本方面，若以符合微生物管制之考量前提之下，針對本研究利用電解消毒技術處理每噸水，水療池及溫泉池分別需0.04 NT/噸水及0.02 NT/噸水的加藥成本。
The recreational water included in many different areas. This research was mainly focused on the disinfection process of water quality in SPA and hot spring pools. The chlorine was used as chemical agents in the traditional disinfection process of recreational water. However, chlorine could induce toxic considerations during the process operation and water delivery. Therefore, a technique, electrolysis process, was newly developed in this study which evaluated that the parameters effects of electrolysis disinfection process applied in SPA and hot spring water. Morover, different types of electrolysis process, their on site operations and economic costs were also considered.
Five different types of operation processes, including (1)S-E (2)S-D-E (3)S-D-NaCl0.01%-E (4) S-D-NaCl0.05%-E (5)S-D-BEW-E, were examined to compare the disinfection efficiency of electrolysis process. The result of S-E process indicated that the Heterotrophic Plate Count could not reach the Taiwan EPA Water Quality Standard. However, S-E process reduced ORP values from 120 mV to -6.6 mV. For the experiments of S-D-NaCl0.05%-E and S-D-BEW-E, the result indicated that ORP values decreased, but turbidity increased. Moreover, the last two processes, S-D-E and S-D-NaCl0.01%-E, indicated that the free chlorine values were maintained in the range of 1 to 2 mg as Cl2/L, as well as the low turbidity (<1NTU). However, these processes caused ORP values increased slightly.
The pilot studies of this electrolysis technique were carried both in Chia-Nan University and Tai-An Hot Spring Resort. The raw water quality of SPA in Chin-Nan University was as following, pH 7.9~6.3, temperature 29 ℃, ORP 100 mV and the conductivity 350 μS/cm. The result indicated that the free chlorine value at 0.6 mg as Cl2/L reduced the Heterotrophic Plate Count to reach the water quality standard.
The raw water quality of Hot spring in Tai-An was as following, pH 8.6~9.2, the temperature 38 ℃, ORP -265 mV, and the conductivity 3900 μS/cm. The result indicated that the Heterotrophic Plate Count reached the water quality standard, while free chlorine count was adjusted to 0.44 mg as Cl2/L and 0.55 mg as Cl2/L under the pH less, and more than 8.9, respectively. Finally, the operation costs for two pilot experiments were calculated, which illustrated that the capital cost of electrolysis treatment was NT$0.04/ton for SPA water and NT$0.02/ton for Hot spring water, respectively. |
