DSpace community: 環境資源管理系(所)

家禽糞尿管理溫室氣體排放係數本土值之更新

Tue, 07 Jan 2025 07:00:00 GMT

title: 家禽糞尿管理溫室氣體排放係數本土值之更新 abstract: 本計畫主要目的為更新家禽糞尿管理中甲烷與氧化亞氮之排放係數。112年計畫主要以更新白色肉雞禽糞尿管理中甲烷與氧化亞氮之排放係數為主要工作。計畫擬選定業界常用的堆肥化方式，並於不同發酵期間測定甲烷與氧化亞氮之排放量，並進一步計算堆肥過程中甲烷與氧化亞氮之排放量。本年度預定完成5場家禽堆肥場，並利用堆肥化後甲烷與氧化亞氮之排放量，進一步計算甲烷與氧化亞氮之排放係數。

畜牧業溫室氣體及資源循環研究

Tue, 07 Jan 2025 06:59:59 GMT

title: 畜牧業溫室氣體及資源循環研究 abstract: 細部計畫1:畜牧業溫室氣體排放清冊及趨勢探討持續瞭解本國畜牧部門溫室氣體排放量變化。本計劃主要工作除了持續更新我國畜牧部門溫室氣體排放資料庫外(1900年至2022年)，亦召開兩次專家會議，共同檢討排放方法、係數與活動數據，評估我國畜牧部門採用排放方法之特色。並配合提出環保署國家溫室氣體排放清冊審議相關會議。細部計畫2:建立雞糞處理模式與代處理機制本計畫主要建立一套雞糞處理模式與代處理機制，有效解決國內蛋雞與肉雞之雞糞去化問題，提供主管機關處理雞糞問題上，有具體實際之施政參考依據。預期可以完成的效益包括1.彙整養雞場雞糞處理現況資料，建立養雞場雞糞處理模式，有效媒合養雞場、清運業者與代處理堆肥場間的連結運作機制，達到激憤從養雞場至終端去化有效處理模式。2.建置養雞場內雞糞簡易發酵與乾燥處理技術，提供養雞業者、清運業者、代處理堆肥場業者與雞糞處理設備製造業者，多面相多元技術的溝通渠道。3.建置養雞場、清運業者與代處理堆肥場間的雞糞去化處理資訊溝通機制、實際完成雞糞去化連結示範場域建置，及辦理雞糞處理模式觀摩會或研習會，讓整體養雞產業之雞糞處理技術與效益提升。細部計畫3:禽畜糞堆肥場空氣污染防治現況調查及功能評估台灣地區現有禽畜糞堆肥場空氣污染防治方法包括：(1)抽排氣稀酸水洗法，(2)抽排氣次氯酸噴霧除臭法，(3)抽排氣木屑脫臭法，(4)堆肥中加入除臭微生物(如木黴菌及乳酸菌)，(5)周界次氯酸噴霧除臭法。因堆肥廠房內需大量抽氣使局部密閉之空間成負壓狀態，目前僅有第(1)、(2)法可有效處理該大風量氣體，避免鄰近民眾之陳請，然其處理前污染物濃度(主要為氨及異味)、廠房空間之抽風換氣量、排氣與除臭劑之接觸時間、除臭後排氣污染物濃度等均無定量數據，使本二方法之推廣僅依據過去案例，而無科學數據依據。本計畫預定完成台灣地區四座禽畜糞堆肥場之環境調查及檢測工作，求取下列數據：(1)氨排放係數；(2)堆肥廠內氨及異味與換氣率之關係；(3)排氣酸洗除氨除塵法之操作參數與除臭除塵效果之關係；(4)排氣噴霧除臭法之操作參數與除臭效果之關係。提供經濟有效之堆肥場空氣污染防制技術及實務設計方法。細部計畫4:建立家禽場域堆肥品質即時檢測指標家禽場飼養逐漸規模化，其排泄物如無適當處理即排放或施用於田間，會繼續發酵使土壤溫度升高，造成土壤缺氧，產生有害物質及氣體，對作物及環境有不良影響，恐對環境造成衝擊；家禽糞中含有氮、磷、鉀及其他有機質，但水分含量高，一般會與其他調整材混合進行堆肥，如處理得宜則有利於資源循環再利用。我國禽畜糞肥料(5-08/09)品項之品質標準，檢測項目除了外觀顏色、形狀、氣味、pH值外，還需檢驗有機質、三要素及八項重金屬，檢測作業需十餘種儀器設備及專業技術人員，適合工業化品管程序，對一般家禽場在評估堆肥品質而言，不一定有能力檢測，故計畫目標為建立易於操作之堆肥即時檢測方式，針對堆肥品質條件之中氣味分子(硫化氫、氨)、酸鹼值、電導度及種子發芽率(腐熟度)，設計對應後續田間施用之即時檢測指標，協助快速評估堆肥品質，降低使用風險。

A Descriptive Survey of Atmospheric Music Broadcasting in Hot Spring Hotels and Its Further Marketing Strategy

Wed, 25 Dec 2024 03:06:01 GMT

title: A Descriptive Survey of Atmospheric Music Broadcasting in Hot Spring Hotels and Its Further Marketing Strategy abstract: The survey purposes are to preliminarily understand the current situation of atmospheric music broadcast in hot spring hotels and why these choices of music were made. We reviewed literatures regarding applied music and music types, and applied questionnaire, participant observation and unstructured interviews with hotel staff who broadcast music in the unique, famous and historic Guanzihling hot spring region of Taiwan. Results show that music is often broadcast in public areas, such as lobby and restaurants. On the contrary, there was no music broadcast in private areas, such as guest rooms and private thermal baths. Light music is the primary music choice. Music types is chosen without rules by staff who have no basic trainings in music. Possible marketing strategies for future studies include the staff trainings and construction of hotel's own hot spring music database, and better marketing of hotel's unique multi-sensory brand image through its distinctive and pleasant music.

Isolation, cloning, and tissue distribution and functional analysis of ShP-glycoprotein in the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense exposed to Cd and Cd-QDs

Wed, 25 Dec 2024 03:04:44 GMT

title: Isolation, cloning, and tissue distribution and functional analysis of ShP-glycoprotein in the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense exposed to Cd and Cd-QDs abstract: P-glycoprotein (Pgp), a member of ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, can extrude toxic substances out of cells by mediating multi-xenobiotic resistance (MXR) in aquatic organisms, however, its regulation and association with MXR are still unclear. In this work, the genetic information of Pgp in freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense (ShPgp) was revealed for the first time. ShPgp with a total of 4488 bp was cloned and analyzed, which includes 4044 bp open reading frame, 353 bp 3 & PRIME; untranslated region, and 91 bp 5 & PRIME; untranslated region. The recombinant ShPGP were expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and taken for SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis. ShPGP was widely expressed in the midgut, hepatopancreas, testis, ovary, gill, hemocytes, accessory gonad and myocardium of the crabs studied. The images of immunohistochemistry indicated that ShPgp was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. When the crabs were exposed to cadmium or cadmium containing quantum dots (Cd-QDs), not only the relative expression of ShPgp mRNA and the protein produced were enhanced, but also the MXR activity and ATP contents. The relative expression of target genes related to energy metabolism, detoxification and apoptosis was also determined in the carbs exposed to Cd or Cd-QDs. The results showed that bcl-2 was significantly down-regulated, while other genes were up-regulated except PPAR (not affected). However, when the Shpgp in treated crabs was interfering by knockdown technique, their apoptosis and the expression of proteolytic enzyme genes and transcription factors MTF1 and HSF1 were also elevated, while the expression of apoptosis inhibiting and fat metabolism genes were compromised. Based on the observation, we concluded that MTF1 and HSF1 were involved in gene transcription regulation of mt and MXR, respectively, while PPAR had limited regulatory effect on those genes in S. henanense. NF-KB may play a negligible role in the process of apoptosis in testes induced by cadmium or Cd-QDs. However, the detail information regarding Pgp involvement in SOD or MT, and its association with apoptosis during xenobiotics insults remain to be explored.