DSpace community: 保健營養系(所)

紅藜殼乙醇萃取物減緩糖尿病腎病變機能性研究( II )

title: 紅藜殼乙醇萃取物減緩糖尿病腎病變機能性研究( II ) abstract: 1.學術研究方面：(1)建立 EEDH 中活性指標成分(2)闡明實驗樣品在減緩糖尿病腎病變之作用機轉 (3)提供實驗樣品可能的動物攝取適當劑量，裨益提供日後進?人體試驗等相關研究之?考?據。2.經濟發展方面：紅藜殼通常被視為農業廢棄物，本研究利用紅藜殼進行加值研究，有助提升紅藜經濟效益，帶動農業生技相關產業的發展，契合政府發展新農業與循環經濟的產業政策。3.社會發展方面：本研究可發展紅藜殼成為膳食?法中調節血糖及減緩糖尿病腎病變食材之一，可應用於保健食品及醫藥界之相關產業，對國人健康之維護也極具有意義性。

比較評估不同米副產物調製保健植物奶之生物活性成分，品質與抗糖尿病效力

title: 比較評估不同米副產物調製保健植物奶之生物活性成分，品質與抗糖尿病效力 abstract: 1.學術研究方面: a.建立活性指標成分與品質管制系統 b.以體外及體內模式探討兩種植物奶樣品對抗糖尿病效力之影響 c.研究成果將供作具有調節血糖用途的保健植物奶之重要依據的參考資料。2.經濟發展方面:黑米殼及碎米均是碾米過程產生之副產物，被視為廢棄物，當飼料使用很可惜，本研究利用黑米殼，碎米與黃豆及紅薏苡仁製成植物奶，有助提高植物奶的經濟效益，帶動農業、食品及營養相關產業的發展，符合政府推動的農業副產物與剩餘資材的再利用，並擴大循環經濟產業發展與達成減少碳排放之政策。3.社會發展方面:開發黑米殼及碎米保健植物奶，成為具有調節血糖功效，可應用於相關產業，對國人可預防糖尿病及維護健康飲食生活。

Nutritional deficiency anemia and post-acute sequelae in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: A six-month retrospective cohort analysis of 30892 patients

title: Nutritional deficiency anemia and post-acute sequelae in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: A six-month retrospective cohort analysis of 30892 patients abstract: The effect of anemia on the post-acute outcome of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between nutritional deficiency anemia (NDA) status and post-acute sequelae of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This retrospective cohort study included patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from January 1, 2022 to November 30, 2022 using the TriNetX research network. The patients were grouped into the NDA group comprising patients diagnosed with NDA and the control group comprising patients without NDA, and propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the two groups. The primary outcome was a composite of post-COVID-19 condition, all-cause hospitalization, and all-cause death. The secondary outcomes were any individual outcomes of the primary composite. The follow-up period was set at 90-180 days after COVID-19 diagnosis. Two cohorts comprising 15446 nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19 in each group with balanced baseline characteristics were created using PSM. During the follow-up period, the NDA group demonstrated a higher risk of the composite primary outcome, including post-COVID-19 condition, all-cause hospitalization, or all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR], 1.896; 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.757-2.045). Regarding secondary outcomes, the NDA group was associated with worse outcomes, including post-COVID-19 condition (HR, 1.992; 95% CI=1.403-2.828), all-cause hospitalization (HR, 1.856; 95% CI=1.714-2.009), and all-cause death (HR, 3.922; 95% CI=2.910-5.285) compared to the control group. Among nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19, NDA was associated with a higher risk of post-COVID-19 condition, all-cause hospitalization, and all-cause death during the 90-180-day follow-up period.

Cost-effectiveness of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control Among Older Patients With Hypertension

title: Cost-effectiveness of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control Among Older Patients With Hypertension abstract: \IMPORTANCE Older patients with hypertension receiving intensive systolic blood pressure control (110-130 mm Hg) have lower incidences of cardiovascular events than those receiving standard control (130-150 mm Hg). Nevertheless, the mortality reduction is insignificant, and intensive blood pressure management results in more medical costs from treatments and subsequent adverse events. OBJECTIVE To examine the incremental lifetime outcomes, costs, and cost-effectiveness of intensive vs standard blood pressure control in older patients with hypertension from the health care payer's perspective. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This economic analysis was conducted with a Markov model to examine the cost-effectiveness of intensive blood pressure management among patients aged 60 to 80 years with hypertension. Treatment outcome data from the Trial of Intensive Blood-Pressure Control in Older Patients With Hypertension (STEP trial) and different cardiovascular risk assessment models for a hypothetical cohort of STEP-eligible patients were used. Costs and utilities were obtained from published sources. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) against the willingness-to-pay threshold was used to evaluate whether the management was cost-effective. Extensive sensitivity, subgroup, and scenario analyses were performed to address uncertainty. The US and UK population using race-specific cardiovascular risk models were conducted in the generalizability analysis. Data for the STEP trial were collected from February 10 to March 10, 2022, and were analyzed for the present study from March 10 to May 15, 2022. INTERVENTIONS Hypertension treatments with a systolic blood pressure target of 110 to 130 mm Hg or 130 to 150 mm Hg. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incremental lifetime quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), costs, and ICER are discounted at the given rates annually. RESULTS After simulating 10 000 STEP-eligible patients assumed to be 66 years of age (4650 men [46.5%] and 5350 women [53.5%]) in the model, the ICER values were (sic)51 675 ($12 362) per QALY gained in China, $25 417 per QALY gained in the US, and 4679 pound ($7004) per QALY gained in the UK. Simulations projected that the intensive management in China being cost-effective were 94.3% and 100% below the willingness-to-pay thresholds of 1 time ((sic)89 300 [$21 364]/QALY) and 3 times ((sic)267 900 [$64 090]/QALY) the gross domestic product per capita, respectively. The US had 86.9% and 95.6% probabilities of cost-effectiveness at $50 000/QALY and $100 000/QALY, respectively, and the UK had 99.1% and 100% of probabilities of cost-effectiveness at 20 pound 000 ($29 940)/QALY and 30 pound 000 ($44 910)/QALY, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this economic evaluation, the intensive systolic blood pressure control in older patients produced fewer cardiovascular events and had acceptable costs per QALY gained, well below the typical willingness-to-pay thresholds. The cost-effective advantages of intensive blood pressure management in older patients were consistent over various clinical scenarios across different countries.