台灣南部泥泉之泉質及泥質分析研究

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Title:	台灣南部泥泉之泉質及泥質分析研究 Geochemistry of mud springs in southwestern Taiwan
Authors:	林志銘 Jhih-Ming Lin
Contributors:	陳文福嘉南藥理科技大學：環境工程與科學系所
Keywords:	泥泉鹼度重金屬感應耦合電漿光譜法 mud spring alkalinity heavy metal ICP-OES
Date:	2008
Issue Date:	2008-12-29 15:21:01 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	台灣西南部泥岩地區之分布，從北邊起自新營至南邊高雄壽山地區，總面積約有一千餘平方公里。由於泥岩地區土壤的物理及化學性質較特殊，鹽分含量高，因此土壤表面水分蒸發後會呈現龜裂條紋且如石塊般堅硬，而遇水潮濕時表層會軟化成泥漿狀態。台南縣關仔嶺溫泉泥漿的離子成分及噴發氣體成分與台灣西南部泥火山的特性相似，推測溫泉中可能含有泥火山泥漿的成分，故本研究將針對關仔嶺及泥火山之泥泉內容物分析，探討這些泥漿是否含有重金屬及危害物質的成分，評估往後作為美容泥漿對人體的影響。利用以下實驗方式進行分析泥泉之成分，現場測量：溫度、導電度、pH值及氧化還原電位。實驗室分析：滴定法－鹼度。濁度法－硫化物、硫酸鹽類。粒徑分布－篩分析、沉降分析。含水量。元素分析－離子層析法、感應耦合電漿光譜法。天氣對於噴泥口的溫度及導電度會有明顯變化，且雨水大量沖洗會使原本噴發量較低的噴泥口泥漿變得較稀。泉質中的元素濃度也會因天氣的關係受到影響，如泥漿中Al的濃度，小滾水甲由0.27 mg/L增加到6.65 mg/L；新養女湖由0.59 mg/L增加到15.73 mg/L，與其他月份分析出的Al元素有明顯差異。泥漿鹼度方面，小滾水為131 mg/g、新養女湖為148~155 mg/g、關仔嶺為153~158 mg/g、烏山頂為142 mg/g。鹼度是中和酸及維持沉積物不被酸化的指標，雖然人體膚質屬弱酸性，接觸泥漿時會被泥漿中的鹼度中和。在泥漿溶出方面，利用純水溶出、加熱溶出、自來水溶出、酸溶出、氧化溶出五種溶出方式後抽取上層液進行元素分析。結果得知主要元素Ca、Mg、Na三種元素濃度有偏高的現象，不過因這三種元素並非危害金屬，故對人體並不會有危害。酸溶出中雖然溶出ㄧ些重金屬元素Co（0.001~0.004 mg/g）、Cr（0.002~0.003 mg/g）、Cu（0.001~0.007 mg/g）、Ni（0.002~0.01 mg/g）、Pb（0.006~0.014 mg/g），但正常狀態下這些重金屬不會溶解出來，所以接觸這些泥漿並無危害疑慮。經過泥泉的分析研究，雖然有危害重金屬的存在，但泥漿中的鹼度有中和酸的能力，可抑制重金屬溶出，且於一般環境下這些危害金屬並不會被解離溶出，若將這些泥漿作為美容使用，對人體並不會造成直接傷害。 With an area of more than 1,000 km2, mud springs and mud strata are widely distributed over the southwest Taiwan from Sinying to Shoushan, Kaohsiung. Mud springs could be the potential materials for cosmetic use. However, studies for the chemistry of water and mud of the mud springs are scarce. The purposes of this research are to collect mud spring samples and to analyse their chemical components, especially for the heavy metals. It will be helpful for the further application of the mud springs in cosmetic and hot spring industry. Temperature, conductivity, pH and ORP of mud springs are measured in-situ while samples are collected. Alkalinity is determined by titration method and the concentration of sulfide is determined by methylene blue method. Suspention test is used for particle size distribution. The concentrations of ions are analysed by the Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The values of temperature and conductivity of mud springs are influenced by the rainfall. Also, concentrations of Al in the Siaogunshuei mud spring are increased from 0.27 mg/L to 6.65 mg/L after a three days rainfall while the Al concentrations are from 0.59 mg/L to 15.73 mg/L for the New Yangnyn Lake mud spring. The values of alkalinity for mud in Siaogunshuei, New Yangnyn Lake, Kuantseling, and Wusandin are 131, 148~155, 153~158 and 142 mg/g, respectively. The high concentraions of those mud springs might be resulted from high concentrations of calcite fossils which came from the underline marine strata. The alkalinity in muds will buffered acid of skin or water and provide a neutral environment. Five types of extraction for the mud samples, i.e. by pure water, hot water, tap water, acid water and oxidation water, are conducted for determined the heavy metals containment. The results show that the concentrations of the principal elements Ca, Mg, Na are higher, but these elements are not harmful to the human body. The concentrations of some heavy metals are higher in solutions by acid water extraction, i.e. Co (0.001~0.004 mg/g), Cr (0.002~0.003 mg/g), Cu (0.001~0.007 mg/g), Ni (0.002~0.01 mg/g) and Pb (0.006~0.014 mg/g). However, the concentrations of these heavy metals are below the standard of cosmetic usage. In conclusion, the alkalinity of the sampled mud springs are high and the harmful heavy metals within the mud springs are only dissolved into solution by acid water extraction. The alkalinity of mud springs will buffer the mud springs in neutral condition and there are not likely the harmful heavy metals that will be released in cosmetic practice.
Relation:	校內一年後公開，校外永不公開
Appears in Collections:	[Dept. of Environmental Engineering and Science (including master's program)] Dissertations and Theses

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