水果生產過剩或修枝時會產出大量的農業廢棄物，我們試圖利用這些潛在有價值的廢棄物。本實驗利用修枝後大量丟棄之麻豆白柚葉及賣相不佳淘汰之白柚果皮，使用水蒸氣蒸餾法(SD)及無溶劑微波萃取法(SFME)進行精油萃取，並利用氣相層析質譜分析儀(GC-MS)進行成分分析，並測定其抗菌、抗發炎、抗氧化的活性評估，運用在化粧品上，增加其經濟價值。
成分鑑定結果顯示，白柚葉以SD方法萃取的主成分為Citronellal(34.54%)、Citronellol(16.17%)，以SFME方法萃取的主成分為Citronellal(30.87%)、Citronellol(28.95%)，兩者精油最高含量成分均以醛類為主；白柚皮以SD方法萃取的主成分為Limonene(82.74%)，以SFME方法萃取的主成分為Limonene(82.13%)，兩者精油最高含量成分均以單萜烯類為主。
抗菌活性部分，整體上白柚葉精油對於P. aeruginosa、C. albicans、E. coli抗菌效果都優於白柚皮精油，而抗S. aureus表現出白柚皮精油抗菌效果優於白柚葉精油。抗氧化活性試驗顯示，DPPH自由基清除能力與-胡蘿蔔素-亞麻油酸漂白試驗，皆以白柚葉精油效果較佳；抗發炎試驗部分顯示，NO自由基清除能力與5-LOX抑制能力，皆發現以SFME萃取的精油效果優於SD萃取的精油；美白活性試驗顯示，酪胺酸?抑制活性能力，以白柚皮精油優於白柚葉部精油。 Because the pruning or the glut of fruit would produce a lot of agricultural wastes, we attempted to take advantage of those potential wasted materials. The experiment used steam distillation(SD) and solvent-free microwave extraction(SFME) from discarded pruned Mato Paiyu Leaves and obsolete Mato Paiyu Peel to extract essential oils. Afterwards, we analyzed the composition by using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluated antibacterial, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and whitening activities on the cosmetic to increase the economic value.
The results showed that the main components of the Mato Paiyu Leaves extracted by SD method is Citronellal (34.54%), Citronellol (16.17%), extracted by SFME method were Citronellal (30.87%), Citronellol (28.95%). The highest content of essential oils in both of them is all mainly Aldehyde. Extracted by the method SD, the primary components in the essential oil of Mato Paiyu Peel were Limonene (82.74). Furthermore, the essential oil of Mato Paiyu Peel that used the way SFME are Limonene (82.13) as a primary component. Both of them of the highest content in the essential oil are monoterpenes.
On the part of bacteriostatic, generally, the essential oil of Mato Paiyu Leaves obviously had more influences on P. aeruginosa、C. albicans、E. coli compare to the essential oil of Mato Paiyu Peel. However, the essential oils of Mato Paiyu Peel had better anti S. aureus activities than the essential oils of Mato Paiyu Leaves. In the anti-oxidation test, the essential oils of Mato Paiyu Leaves is superior on the DPPH radical scavenging activity and β-Carotene-oxidation inhibition assay. In the anti-inflammatory test, the essential oils extracted by the way SFME were better than the method SD on NO radical scavenging activity and 5-LOX inhibition assay. In the whitening activity examination, the essential oil of Mato Paiyu Peel is better than the essential oil of Mato Paiyu Leaves on Tyrosinase inhibition assay.
