本研究探討從市售洗劑產品發現污染菌，經純化培養出5種革蘭氏陰性菌株，經16 S rDNA基因定序鑑定結果分別為:Klebsiella alba、Pluralibacter gergoviae、Burkholderia vietnamiensis、Pseudomonas putida、Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes，試比較上述五種菌間對於陰離子界面活性劑之分解能力。評估11項市售洗劑常見原料污染風險指數，結果發現Lauramidopropyl Betaine與Sodium Laureth Sulfate-1N為最易被降解原料。配製20% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate(SDS)標準品作為分解能力比較，發現:Pluralibacter gergoviae>Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes >Klebsiella alba>Pseudomonas putida，Burkholderia vietnamiensis無法在SDS 20%溶液生長。對於SDS高溫加熱後微生物降解能力比較，反而意外發現分解力下降，可能原因是加熱脫硫酸基作用，酸價提高抑制微生物生長，利用Methylene-blue active substances與酸價試驗亦得到吻合結果。關於洗劑製程工廠污染衛生管理解決之道，建議添加乳酸0.5% 有良好的抑菌能力。而Fe2+有助長部分微生物如Burkholderia vietnamiensis菌的生長，而0.01%EDTA則可以抑制其生長。 Anionic surfactants are widely used in the cosmeticindustries as cleansers and emulsifiers. This study focused on cultivating contaminating bacteria discovered in commercial cleansing products. The results from 16S rDNA genetic sequencing tests identified these five Gram-negative strains of bacteria: Klebsiella alba, Pluralibacter gergoviae, Burkholderia vietnamiensis, Pseudomonas putida, and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes. The purpose of this study was to compare point out which bacteria were more effective at biodegrading anionic surfactants.The assessment results of 11 common raw materials found in commercial cleansers revealed that Sodium Laureth Sulfate-1N (SLES) and Lauramidopropyl Betaine are the materials that are most easily degradable. The comparison was based on a standard of 20% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS)preparation to test the biodegrading capability of each bacteria and get a result of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes>Pluralibacter gergoviae>Klebsiella alba>Pseudomonas putida, while Burkholderia vietnamiensis was unable to grow in the solution of 20% SDS.To further test the biodegrading properties of the bacteria. It was a surprise to discover that the heat reduced the bacteria’s biodegradation capabilityof SDS solution. This may be the production of sulfuric acid and short-chain fatty acids from dodecyl alcohol after heating, which increases the acid value that inhibits the growth of microorganisms.The application of Methylene-blue active substances and acid value tests also obtained consistent results.With regard to the problem of keeping detergent processing plants bacteria-free, it is recommended to add 5% lactic acid to cleansing products because of its helpful antibacterial properties. In order to prevent the spread of microorganisms that thrive on Fe2+ (such as Burkholderia vietnamiensis), a 0.01%Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid(EDTA) solution should be able to inhibit their growth.Results based on the above tests can serve as references for formulating of cleanser products, and the technical barriers can be used to avoid bacterial contamination within these products as well. In addition, the biodegradation features of surfactants on germ strains can also be applied to future treatment of industrial wastewater.
