| 摘要: | 亞洲地區人們越來越重視皮膚的自然美白，從而使得天然美白及防曬材質需求量亦呈持續上升趨勢。近期研究發現，硫酸鹽泉、碳酸鹽泉及碳酸氫鹽泉有抑制黑色素生成作用，而且碳酸氫鹽泉有減緩因自由基而引發黑色素細胞之黑色素生成的效果。此外，研究顯示關子嶺泥漿敷膚後，可改善皮膚粗糙度、毛孔大小及皮膚斑點。再在顯示及印證溫泉對皮膚美白的史實記載。本研究基於近期溫泉美容效益研究之成果及考量天然防曬材質的市場經濟效益，研究假設關子嶺泥漿及市面上常用之化粧品調和泥質材料，包括：高嶺土、矽藻土、紅珊瑚土及活性碳，皆對紫外線具有相似之防護效益，並將研究設計分為兩部分：(1)比較不同泉質及滲透壓之臺灣溫泉，包括：白磺泉、青磺泉、五峰清泉、六重溪溫泉、龜丹溫泉、關子嶺溫泉、旭海溫泉及朝日溫泉對紫外線的防護效益；(2)相較物理性防曬材質氧化鋅及二氧化鈦，比較關子嶺泥漿及市面上常用之化粧品調和泥質材料之紫外線穿透率防護效果。實驗結果顯示，相較NaCl標準線性(0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0g/dL)之臺灣不同溫泉泉質滲透壓，除朝日溫泉(0.942±0.008)為高張溶液外，其餘包括：白磺泉(0.006±0.002)、青磺泉(0.073±0.004)、五峰清泉(0.045±0.008)、六重溪溫泉(0.161±0.001)、龜丹溫泉(0.027 ±0.005)、旭海溫泉(0.028±0.003)皆為低張溶液，但以關子嶺溫泉溶液，包括：火王爺泥泉 (0.269±0.001)及寶泉橋泥泉(0.286±0.002)最接近於等滲溶液性質；針對臺灣溫泉泉質之防曬效益研究顯示，檢測溫泉溶液(100%)，對紫外線UVA-1、UVA-2、UVB及UVC之穿透率並無影響。相對於溫泉溶液，關子嶺溫泉泥漿依濃度百分比不同，對紫外線穿透率呈現線性防護效益。證實溫泉水中礦物質、離子濃度、總溶解固體量及其所形成之滲透壓效益與紫外線穿透率防護效果無關係性。進一步針對溫泉泥漿之泥質防曬效益研究顯示，關子嶺泥漿紫外線UVA-1、UVA-2、UVB及UVC之穿透率呈現濃度效益(50%、25%、10%、5%、1%)之防護效果，比較關子嶺泥漿及各泥質材料和相同濃度之二氧化鈦及氧化鋅標準品對紫外線UVA-1、UVA-2、UVB及UVC所產生之吸收效益百分比顯示，以二氧化鈦為標準品時，關子嶺泥漿、高嶺土及矽藻土之紫外線吸收效益比以UVB最好、紅珊瑚土及活性碳紫外線吸收效益比以UVC最好；以氧化鋅為標準品時，關子嶺泥漿、紅珊瑚土及活性碳之紫外線吸收效益比以UVC最好、高嶺土紫外線吸收效益比當濃度為50%及25%時以UVC最好，當濃度為10%及5%時以UVB最好、矽藻土紫外線吸收效益比以UVB最好。綜合本研究結果發現，關子嶺溫泉泉質之防曬效益來自於溫泉泥漿，雖然泥質材料之紅珊瑚土及活性碳對紫外線UVA-1、UVA-2、UVB及UVC所產生之紫外線吸收效益百分比相較於關子嶺泥漿較佳，但其碰上皮膚會較難清除而沾染上顏色的特性，若以製成產品優勢而言，相對地關子嶺泥漿比同質性高嶺土及矽藻土具有更高的阻擋紫外線效益，就具有獨特的市場優勢。
The people of Asia growing emphasis on natural skin whitening, increasing the sun protecting and skin whitening material trend in demand. Recent studies have shown that sulfate, carbonate and hydrogen carbonate hot spring can inhibited the melanin formation, and hydrogen carbonate hot spring has inhibited the free radicals induce melanin generative pathway. In addition, studies have shown that after skin wraps of Guanziling clay can improved skin roughness, pore size and skin spots. Skin whitening facts described in the display and confirm the hot spring.Based on the dermatological effects of hot spring and the natural sun protective materials in demands, the research hypotheses that Guanziling clay and others of commonly used cosmetic clay including the kaolin, diatomite, red clay and activated carbon have ultraviolet (UV) protection benefits. The research design consists of two parts: (1) comparison of different Taiwan hot springs in osmotic pressure and UV protection benefit, including white sulfur, green sulfur, Wufeng, Liu Chung Hsi, Kui Dan, Guanziling, Xuhaiand Asahi hot spring; (2) comparison of different clay including, Guanziling and others cosmetic clay, with physical sun protective material of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide.Experimental results show thatcompared concentration linear of NaCl (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 g/dL) in different hot springs osmotic pressure, except Asahi spring (0.942 ? 0.008) as hypertonic solution, all hypotonic solution include, white sulfur (0.006 ? 0.002), green sulfur (0.073 ? 0.004), Wufeng(0.045 ? 0.008), Liu Chung Hsi (0.161 ? 0.001), Kui Dan (0.027 ? 0.005), Xuhai(0.028 ? 0.003) hot spring. However, the Guanziling spring, including, point 1 Huo Wang yeh (0.269 ? 0.001) and point 2 Baoquan bridge (0.286 ? 0.002) closest to an isotonic solution. There are not sun protection benefits of Taiwan's hot spring. Furthermore, Guanziling clay according concentrations linear (50%, 25%, 10%, 5%, 1%) show the UV protection benefits. Therefore, we confirmed that the hot spring solution have not benefits to UV protective effect. The UV protection benefits of Guanziling and others cosmetic clay to ultraviolet of UVA-1, UVA-2, UVB and UVC compare with the same concentration of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide standard arising from the absorption value. When titanium dioxide as a standard product, Guanziling clay, kaolin and diatomite to absorb ultraviolet benefit ratio of UVB best coral red clay and activated carbon to UVC ultraviolet absorption effective than the best; when zinc oxide as a standard product, Guanziling clay, red clay and activated carbon absorption benefit ratio of the ultraviolet UVC best, kaolin ultraviolet absorption efficiency than when the concentration of 50% and 25% in UVC best, when the concentration of in UVB best, diatomite to UVB ultraviolet absorbing effective than the best 10% and 5%.Comprehensive results of this study found that sun protection benefits of Guanziling clay to ultraviolet UVA-1, UVA-2, UVB and UVC are better, it has a unique market advantage. |
