We determined the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of Onychostoma alticorpus, which is known as an endemic freshwater species in Taiwan, by using long polymerase chain reaction method. The total length of O. alticorpus mitogenome is 16,680 bp, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs genes and a noncoding control region. The overall base composition of O. alticorpus is 30.88% for A, 23.57% for T, 16.56% for G and 28.99% for C, with a slight AT bias of 54.45%. Gene location and specific usage of distinct termination codon types characterize typically the vertebrate mitochondrial genome. The determination of O. alticorpus mitogenome would play an important role not only in the delineation of phylogeographic history and population genetic structure, but reflection of conservation efforts on the genetic diversity as well as population vitality.
