| 摘要: | 興建捷運系統之目的在於提供安全、舒適、便捷和快速的都會大眾運輸服務。正面的效益為轉移私人運具之使用量，以減少交通擁塞狀況，降低空氣污染、噪音干擾，進而改善生活環境品質。也能促進當地經濟及觀光產業發展。但是，在興建過程與完工營運也可能伴隨發生許多負面的環境問題，必須做好預防及管理工作。本研究先經由文獻回顧，探討環境影響評估之概念、定義、方法論及制度，以及捷運建設環境影響評估作業準則等。再經由檢視捷運建設案例的環境影響評估書件，並由作者自行進行現場環境背景量測，以收集最新的環境變化資料，再利用電腦模擬軟體進行預測模擬與驗證等程序，來監督追蹤開發案例的妥適性。此外，因「綜合評估科技」在環境影響評估制度中，有許多功用，包括：(1)可提供比較共同基礎下，各種方案之可行性；(2)可確認影響評估程序中，計畫方案的相關因子，其環境現況是否描述不足；(3)交互應用影響預測與評定有關之技術，以互補不足；(4)可協助執行規劃特殊研究或現地背景調查計畫…等等。因此，本研究也嘗試應用「綜合評估科技」，選擇統合數理及社經因子，進行環評案例追蹤驗證研究。本研究選擇已分別於2008 年3 月與9 月通車營運的高雄捷運紅橘線路網為個案研究對象，經完成環境影響因子之篩選、背景調查、預測分析及綜合評估等工作，得到第一手完整且詳實的資料，並應用德菲法問卷調查方II法程序，進行綜合權重與問卷調查分析。經本研究模擬及實測追蹤驗證結果發現，不論就物理化、社經環境因子，均為學者專家及當地居民所關心之議題，而捷運高架路段沿線道路之交通、噪音及空氣品質等環境因子，對當地確已產生一定程度的影響。，本研究對捷運建設開發計畫應考量的重點提出建議，包括當地都市計畫、土地利用、公共工程、民眾生活水準等。同時，本研究也提出研擬修正環境影響評估作業流程之建議，除可供環保主管機關或目的事業主管機關在進行開發個案監督追蹤時參考外，也可供主管機關研修法規之參考。
The purpose of the construction of rapid transit system is to provide safe, comfortable, convenient and fast public transport service. Positive effect for the transfer with the use of private transport is to reduce traffic congestion, reduced air pollution, noise interference, thus improving the environmental quality of life. Will be able to promote the development of local economy and tourism industry. However, during the construction and operation may also be associated with many negative environmental impacts, should pay attention to the stretegies of prevention and management.
In this study, the MRT construction case by reviewing the existed environmental impact assessment stetements， conducting its own on-site monitoring, collecting the latest data on environmental changes, trying computer simulation and verification, etc., to track properly assess the development of adaptive case. In addition, because of "a comprehensive assessment of technology" in the environmental impact assessment system, there are many functions, including: (1) provides a common basis for comparison, the feasibility of various options; (2) confirm the impact assessment process, plan the program relevant factors, whether the status of their environment inadequately described; (3) impact prediction and assessment of interactive applications for the technology to complement each other; (4) can assist in planning special study or research project is now in the background ... and so on. Therefore, in this study， "integrated assessment technology" is suggested by the integration of mathematical and socio-economic factors, and the EIA follow-up case study.
In this study, through reviewing literature, EIA concepts, terminologies, methodologies and systems, as well as MRT construction and operation standards. Kaohsiung MRT Red and Orange line network respectively completed in March 2008, following by the processes of environmental impact factors screening, background investigation, verification of EIA prediction models， and comprehensive assessment . Kaohsiung MRT Red Line elevated stations along the route and surrounding roads as the scope of the study, the completion of traffic, air quality, noise and population and population density of the monitoring and investigation， to be completed and detailed first-hand survey, and to apply Delphi methods and procedures, a comprehensive weighting and analysis.
In case study， to track the physical, socio-economic environmental factors, both scholars and local residents are concerned, and the baseline data collection along the elevated section of road， against road traffic, noise and air quality.
In addition, the construction of MRT project should consider the key recommendations, including local urban planning, land use, public works, the qualty of life. In this study, develop recommendations to the environmental impact assessment process, both for environmental protection authority or transportation authority， during the reviewing for the development of relative cases. |
