| 摘要: | 摘要
現今能源逐漸減少，油價物價逐漸上漲，此以成為全世界各國所重視的課題。就目前產業所見，許多工廠的營運支出在燃料方面佔最大宗，佔其支出約莫三分之一，由此可知，提升燃料的燃燒效率勢必會帶動且提升工廠營運。目前國內及世界各國高漲的油價趨勢，為達節能減碳及提高燃料效能之運作且能對環境建立友善的方式是目前各國所嚮往。本文研究重點：加入添加劑於油中使鍋爐達到高效率燃燒並減少空氣中汙染粒子的排放。
工作項目為：(1)最佳化實驗，評估最佳水油比、(2)添加催化劑至燃料油中並均質化後，使用鍋爐實廠測試、(3)煙道口排放氣體監測，含氧、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、溫度、(4) 經由各燃料油與催化劑已不同比例測試後，比較及調整適度之催化劑與燃料油比、(5)油品分析。
階段一為原油基本燃燒試驗，燃料在經由鍋爐燃燒後效率計算，以水油比為探討指標；階段二在最佳化實驗以水做不同比例添加，乳化後選擇較好的添加比在加入添加劑；階段三為添加催化劑至燃料油中並均質化後，使用鍋爐實廠測試，而後對其煙道口排放氣體監測，並且對油品物理狀態做檢視。
根據結果指出，在純重油中加入水作為乳化，大幅降低了燃油的消耗，增加了燃料的使用效率。此外，含添加劑的乳化油能降低一氧化碳的排出及降低其他汙染物的排放，且提高水油比，表示在同樣的燃料中，加入添加劑後可增加燃料使用效率且使水油比提高，蒸氣量提升，由此可知，加入添加劑後之乳化重油具有經濟與環境永續之效益。
關鍵字：鍋爐燃燒效率、催化劑、均質化、蒸氣鍋爐、煙道氣體
Abstract
Due to high oil prices in domestic and world market, fuel expenses account for the largest operating expenses in several industries. Moreover, with the aspiration of many countries to improve their environment, the reduction of carbon emissions has been aimed for these industries. Thus, enhancing the efficiency of fuel combustion is bound to drive and improve plant operations. The focus of this study is on the addition of additives in the oil to achieve high-efficiency combustion and reduce emissions of air pollutant particles.
Work items in this study includes (1) optimization experiments to assess the best water-oil ratio, (2) addition of catalyst to fuel oil and homogenized boilers real factory test, (3) smoke crossing emissions monitoring of oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and temperature, (4) comparison and adjustment of moderate catalyst with fuel oil ratio after each fuel oil with the catalyst has a different proportion test, and (5) oil analysis.
First for crude oil the basic combustion test fuel through the boiler combustion efficiency calculation, water oil ratio explore indicators; Second optimization experiments do different proportions add water, emulsified better add than adding additives ; Third is add the catalyst to fuel oil after homogenization, the use boilers real factory test, then its smoke crossing emissions monitoring, and the physical state of oil .
According to the results, addition of water to form an emulsion with pure heavy oil dramatically reduced the fuel consumption, and thus, increased the combustion efficiency. Furthermore, the use of additives can greatly reduce the discharge of carbon monoxide and other pollutants and can improve the water-air ratio. Thus, emulsified heavy oil additive can be used to achieve economic and environmental sustainability.
Keywords: Boiler combustion efficiency, Catalyst,Homogenized, Steam boilers, Flue gas |
