摘要
本研究參考國內外與安全文化相關文獻後，建立某大型購物中心之安全文化評量表，依其員工背景變項在安全文化上的差異，及不同作業族群在安全文化水準上的差距，以評估服務業之安全文化。本研究以文獻之回顧與分析建立理論架構為基礎，並發展題項為36 題的問卷做為本研究評估量表。研究樣本數為520 位企業員工，有效問卷315 份，有效回收率為60.6%，資料之處理與分析以描述性統計、變異數分析等統計方法進行。
研究結果顯示，員工背景變項在整體安全文化的差異上，以「從業類別」變項出現顯著性。分析後發現以營運管理單位及承攬商員工具有最佳的安全文化水準，依據以上研究分析之結果以雷達圖呈現整體現水準，並針對個案企業提出相關建議，以供其未來提昇整體安全文化水準之決策參考依據，進一步降低職業災害的發生並提昇企業營運績效。
另以該購物中心危險性作業安全現況為研究對象，並針對帷幕修繕吊籠作業之特性進行研究。研究方法係利用作業拆解及安全觀察方式，針對機械裝設、機械保養及作業時進行風險評分。以初步危害分析法(PHA)界定吊籠作業時(可搬型及常設型)之潛在危害。並收集國內相關作業職業災害事故，分析職業災害發生原因探討吊籠作業降災之對策。
關鍵詞：購物中心、安全文化、吊籠、初步危害分析 Abstract
The purpose of research was to establish the assessment table of safety culture by referring international and domestic reports. Besides, according to the variable backgrounds of employee and the gap among working groups, this study was to evaluate safety culture within service industries. The reference review and theory mechanism establishment were applied as study foundation to develop questionnaires that include 36 survey items as assessment table for this research, 520 enterprise employees had been examined (sampling size) and 315 surveys were confirmed valid which effective return rate was 60.6%. The statistic methods such as Data Processing, Descriptive Statistical Analysis and Tukey’ method were intended to investigate those collected data.
The results of investigation indicated the position was significant different comparing with all variables of staff’s backgrounds in the entirety of safety culture. In addition, administration division and sub-contrast staff had been determined that have best safety culture level and Radar chart was applied to display the entire performance based on above investigation results. The related suggestions were presented as reference to enterprise individually for future decision making on safety culture level enhancement.
In addition, the research also aimed the safety of dangerous operation in this shopping center as an objet of study and investigated the operation characteristic for gondola Curtain-wall maintenance. Secondly, investigation methods such as the gondola dismantling process and safety observation were implemented risk assessment during gondola fabrication, mechanism maintenance and hoisting operation. Beside, Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) had been designed to distinguish potential risk while gondola operation (removable and permanent types). Finally, the domestic occupational accidents were collected as case study source and then analyzed their root-cause in order to provide the effective solution of gondola accident.
Keyword: Shopping Mall,safety culture, Gondola, Preliminary Hazard Analysis
(PHA)
