| 摘要: | 水質淨化為人工溼地的主要功能，人工溼地的水質管理為溼地系統管理維護最重要的項目之一，其中DO、SS、BOD5、TN、TP、total colifroms 等項目為監測人工溼地水質參數重要的指標，然而一般民眾並無法直接了解這些水質參數的意義。其中生物指標法(Biological indicator)為最容易讓民眾接受的水質判斷依據，但目前一般生態學者經常使用的各種生物指標分析法，如溪流環境的生物群聚指標，並不一定完全適用於具有污染性水體的人工溼地系統，因此有必要因此建立本土化的人工溼地系統污染物與生物群聚之相關性，以供溼地管理者或民眾可以迅速以生物群聚直接判斷人工溼地的水質狀況。本研究計畫將延續96 年度之計畫，以嘉南藥理科技大學人工園區為研究對象，擬以三年的時間，逐步釐清人工溼地污染物與生物群聚間的關係。主要計畫內容如下第ㄧ年之研究工作為進行人工溼地系統生物群聚結構普查，以及人工溼地之環境監測(如溼地管理行為、季節變化、污染物濃度變化)，並與96 年度計劃之調查成果比對，以釐清溼地污染物與環境變化，以及生物群聚三者之關係。第二年將分別針對人工溼地的水棲生物群聚、棲地環境與污染物進行調查與監測，水棲生物部分將延續第一年之生物群聚調查研究，棲地環境與污染物分佈將監測溼地結構、植物的種類變化、覆蓋率、biomass 產量、水體污染物負荷、底泥污染務濃度等項目，並探討水棲生物群聚、溼地環境與污染物之相關性。第三年將針對溼地中的軟體動物群聚、溼地環境與污染物進行調查與監測，溼地環境與污染物監測方法同第二年，以建立軟體動物與溼地污染物之相關性，並比對水棲生物與軟體動物對於溼地污染物與棲地變化的敏感度，以提供未來溼地管理之依據
Improvement of water quality is one of the major goals of constructed wetlands (CW) and water quality management is also the main part of the operation and management strategy (O/M) of a CW. When treating a polluted water, parameters of water quality, such as dissolved oxygen, suspended solids, biological oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total coliforms, etc., are important monitoring constituents for observing the behavior and function of a CW. However, it is difficult for general public to understand the meaning of these parameters. Biological indicators are easy to be adapted for general people to evaluate the water quality in a CW, but biological indicators that ecologists often use to show river water quality, might not be feasible for the CW systems. Therefore, it is necessary to establish relationship between pollution and biological colonies for the local CW systems. So that the operators can directly or indirectly judge the water quality instantly based on the observation of ecological changes in the CW systems. This project will extend the research project of 2007 year, proposes three-year research work to study the relationships between pollution and ecological conditions in a large scale constructed wetland system located in Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan. First-year’s work: to proceed general research of biological colonies, and to monitor environmental conditions of the CW system (CW O/M behavior, seasonal variation, pollution concentration variation, for example). The variation of the related data between years of 96 and 97 (first year this project) would be evaluated so as to distinguish the relations among pollutions, environmental variation, and biological colonies in a CW system. Second-year’s work: to proceed research of aquatic colonies, and to monitor habitat of aquatic species as well as pollution control in a CW system. Research work of aquatic colonies will continue data collection of biological colonies in the first year, and monitor habitat of aquatic variation, including CW structure, hydrophyte species, hydrophyte and water surface area coverage, hydrophyte biomass productivity, pollution loadings, pollution in sediment of the CW. The evaluation work is expected to be useful for distinguishing the relations among pollution, habitat of aquatic species, and aquatic colonies in the CW system. Third-year’s work: to proceed research of mollusk colonies, and to monitor habitat of mollusk as well as pollution control in a CW system. The monitor methods for habitat of mollusk are similar to the aquatic species. The results from this part of research work should be useful to establish relations among pollution, habitat of mollusk, and mollusk colonies in the CW system, and can be applied to compare the sensitivity between water pollution and habitat variation to aquatic and mollusk. Hopefully, the results of this series research work will be useful as reference for designing and O/M on a CW in the future. |
