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Formin-Like 2 Is a Potential Biomarker of Poor Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/34670
title: Formin-Like 2 Is a Potential Biomarker of Poor Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma abstract: Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common malignant tumor in southern China and Southeast Asia. Although substantial research on NPC has been conducted, the resulting improvement in clinical outcomes remains very disappointing. NPC treatment typically involves radiation therapy and chemotherapy, but the high incidence of metastasis and recurrence in NPC patients result in poor survival. Therefore, identifying potential biomarkers and discovering therapeutic targets are necessary to design tailored treatments based on the genetic profiles of NPC patients. Methods: Correlations of protein immunostaining with clinicopathological features were analyzed by Pearson's chi(2) test. The Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test was used to generate survival curves. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: In this study, we comparatively analyzed cytoskeletal organization and biogenesis (GO:0007010) and tumorigenesis in the NPC transcriptome (GSE12452) and found that formin-like 2 (FMNL2) expression was significantly upregulated in NPC tumor tissues. Moreover, high FMNL2 expression was significantly correlated with primary tumor stage (p = 0.001), lymph node status (p = 0.004), cancer stage (p = 0.006), and histological grade (p = 0.040). More importantly, high FMNL2 expression was significantly correlated with poor survival in NPC patients according to univariate analysis and multivariate analysis. Conclusion: This study reveals that FMNL2 may be an important potential biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of NPC patients.
<br>Ameliorating Effect of Crassocephalum rabens (Asteraceae) Extract on Skin Aging: A Randomized, Parallel, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Study
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/34661
title: Ameliorating Effect of Crassocephalum rabens (Asteraceae) Extract on Skin Aging: A Randomized, Parallel, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Study abstract: Crassocephalum rabens (Asteraceae) is a common herb used in Taiwanese folk medicine to treat inflammation-related syndromes. Pharmacological studies have revealed that galactolipids exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyaluronidase activities and improve skin wrinkles, moisture, and elasticity in healthy subjects. However, the anti-aging effects of C. rabens and its primary active compound, 1,2-di-O-linolenoyl-3-O-beta-galactopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (dLGG), remain elusive. Here, we investigated whether C. rabens can improve skin conditions in healthy individuals using a double-blind approach. Forty enrolled volunteers were randomly and equally assigned to the control or treatment group and were required to take either a placebo or a C. rabens extract capsule daily for one month. Skin parameters were measured before and after the study. The results showed significant differences in skin elasticity, wrinkles, collagen content, brightness, and hydration between the baseline and week 4 in the treatment group. Particularly, compared with those in the placebo group, skin wrinkles (p < 0.05), brightness (p < 0.001), collagen content (p < 0.01), and UV spots (p < 0.05) were notably improved after treatment with the C. rabens extract. Our study successfully demonstrated the application of C. rabens in preventing skin aging. Further investigations will be conducted to study the underlying anti-aging mechanism of dLGG.
<br>Enzymatic Synthesis of Novel and Highly Soluble Puerarin Glucoside by Deinococcus geothermalis Amylosucrase
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/34657
title: Enzymatic Synthesis of Novel and Highly Soluble Puerarin Glucoside by Deinococcus geothermalis Amylosucrase abstract: Puerarin (daidzein-8-C-glucoside) is an isoflavone isolated from several leguminous plants of the genus Pueraria. Puerarin possesses several pharmacological properties; however, the poor solubility of puerarin limits its applications. To resolve this poor solubility, Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase (DgAS) was used to modify puerarin into more soluble derivatives. The results showed that DgAS could biotransform puerarin into a novel compound: puerarin-4 '-O-alpha-glucoside. The biotransformation reaction was manipulated at different temperatures, pH values, sucrose concentrations, reaction times, and enzyme concentrations. The results showed that the optimal reaction condition was biotransformed by 200 mu g/mL DgAS with 20% (w/v) sucrose at pH 6 and incubated at 40 degrees C for 48 h, and the optimal production yield was 35.1%. Puerarin-4 '-O-alpha-glucoside showed 129-fold higher solubility than that of puerarin and, thus, could be further applied for pharmacological use in the future.
<br>Alpha-Mangostin Reduces Pericellular Fibronectin on Suspended Tumor Cells and Therapeutically, but Not Prophylactically, Suppresses Distant Metastasis
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/34643
title: Alpha-Mangostin Reduces Pericellular Fibronectin on Suspended Tumor Cells and Therapeutically, but Not Prophylactically, Suppresses Distant Metastasis abstract: Major cancer deaths can be ascribed to distant metastasis to which the assembly of pericellular fibronectin (periFN) on suspended tumor cells (STCs) in the bloodstream that facilitate endothelial attachment can lead. Even though mangosteen pericarps (MP) extracts and the major component alpha-mangostin (alpha-MG) exhibit potent cancer chemopreventive properties, whether they can prophylactically and therapeutically be used as dietary nutraceuticals to prevent distant metastasis by suppressing periFN assembly on STCs within the circulation remains obscure. Immunofluorescence staining, MTT assays, flow cytometric assays, immunoblotting, and experimental metastasis mouse models were used to detect the effects of MP extracts or alpha-MG on periFN on STCs, tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis, the AKT activity, and tumor lung metastasis. The periFN assembly on STCs was significantly diminished upon treatments of STCs with either alpha-MG or MP extracts in a dose-dependent manner without inhibiting cell proliferation and viability due to increased AKT activity. Pretreatment of STCs with alpha-MG appeared to suppress tumor lung metastasis and prolong mouse survival rates. Oral gavage with MP extracts could therapeutically, but not prophylactically, prevent lung metastasis of STCs. We concluded that MP extracts or the major component alpha-MG may therapeutically serve as a potent anti-metastatic nutraceutical.
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