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Artificial intelligence model to predict pregnancy and multiple pregnancy risk following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET)
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/34703
title: Artificial intelligence model to predict pregnancy and multiple pregnancy risk following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) abstract: Objective: To decrease multiple pregnancy risk and sustain optimal pregnancy chance by choosing suitable number of embryos during transfer, this study aims to construct artificial intelligence models to predict the pregnancy outcome and multiple pregnancy risk after IVF-ET.Materials and methods: From Jan 2010 to Dec 2019, 1507 fresh embryo transfer cycles contained 20 features were obtained. After eliminating incomplete records, 949 treatment cycles were included in the pregnancy model dataset and 380 cycles in the twin pregnancy model dataset. Six machine learning algorithms were used for model building based on the dataset which 70% of the dataset were randomly selected for training and 30% for validation. Model performances were quantified with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity.Results: Models built with XGBoost performed best. The pregnancy prediction model produced accuracy of 0.716, sensitivity of 0.711, specificity of 0.719, and AUC of 0.787. The multiple pregnancy prediction model produced accuracy of 0.711, sensitivity of 0.649, specificity of 0.740, and AUC of 0.732.Conclusions: The AI models provide reliable outcome prediction and could be a promising method to decrease multiple pregnancy risk after IVF-ET.(c) 2022 Taiwan Association of Obstetrics & Gynecology. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
<br>Auranofin induces urothelial carcinoma cell death via reactive oxygen species production and synergy with cisplatin
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/34669
title: Auranofin induces urothelial carcinoma cell death via reactive oxygen species production and synergy with cisplatin abstract: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is one of the most common cancer types of the urinary tract. UC is associated with poor 5-year survival rate, and resistance to cisplatin-based therapy remains a challenge for invasive bladder cancer treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs for advanced UC therapy. Auranofin (AF) was developed over 30 years ago for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and has been reported to exert an antitumor effect by increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of AF on cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis, either alone or in combination with cisplatin. AF induced cell death in two separate cell lines, HT 1376 and BFTC 909, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner by inducing cell cycle arrest. However, the distribution of cells in different phases of the cell cycle differed between the two cell lines, with G(0)/G(1) cell cycle arrest in HT 1376 cells and S phase arrest in BFTC 909 cells. In addition, AF induced apoptosis in HT 1376, as well as redox imbalance in both HT 1376 and BFTC 909 cells. Cell viability was rescued following treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a ROS scavenger. Furthermore, AF treatment synergistically increased the cytotoxicity of HT 1376 and BFTC 909 cells when combined with cisplatin treatment. These findings suggest that AF may represent a potential candidate drug against UC and increase the therapeutic effect of cisplatin.
<br>Authors who contributed most to the fields of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis since 2011 using the hT-index: Bibliometric analysis
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/34650
title: Authors who contributed most to the fields of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis since 2011 using the hT-index: Bibliometric analysis abstract: Background: The h-index does not take into account the full citation list of a researcher to evaluate individual research achievements (IRAs). As a generalization of the h-index, the hT-index takes all citations into account to evaluate IRAs. Compared to other bibliometric indices, it is unclear whether the hT-index is more closely associated with the h-index. We utilized articles published on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis (HD/PD) to validate the hT-index as a measure of the most significant contributions to HD/PD. Methods: Using keywords involving HD/PD in titles, subject areas, and abstracts since 2011, we obtained 7702 abstracts and their associated metadata (e.g., citations, authors, research institutes, countries of origin). In total, 4752 first or corresponding authors with hT-indices >0 were evaluated. To present the author's IRA, the following 4 visualizations were used: radar, Sankey, impact beam plot, and choropleth map to investigate whether the hT-index was more closely associated with the h-index than other indices (e.g., g-/x-indices and author impact factors), whether the United States still dominates the majority of publications concerning PD/HD, and whether there was any difference in research features between 2 prolific authors. Results: In HD/PD articles, we observed that (a) the hT-index was closer to and associated with the h-index; (b1) the United States (37.15), China (34.63), and Japan (28.09) had the highest hT-index; (b2) Sun Yat Sen University (Chian) earned the highest hT-index (=20.02) among research institutes; (c1) the authors with the highest hT-indices (=15.64 and 14.39, respectively) were David W Johnson (Australia) and Andrew Davenport (UK); and (c2) their research focuses on PD and HD, respectively. Conclusion: The hT-index was demonstrated to be appropriate for assessing IRAs along with visualizations. The hT-index is recommended in future bibliometric analyses of IRAs as a complement to the h-index.
<br>PDGF-AA activates AKT and ERK signaling for testicular interstitial Leydig cell growth via primary cilia
https://ir.cnu.edu.tw/handle/310902800/34615
title: PDGF-AA activates AKT and ERK signaling for testicular interstitial Leydig cell growth via primary cilia abstract: Testes control the development of male reproductive system. The testicular interstitial Leydig cells (Leydig cells) synthesize testosterone for promoting spermatogenesis and secondary sexual characteristics. Type A platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AA) is one of the most important growth factors in regulating Leydig cell growth and function. Knockout of PDGF-AA or its congenital receptor PDGFR-alpha leads to poor testicular development caused by reducing Leydig cell numbers, supporting PDGF-AA/PDGFR-alpha signaling regulates Leydig cell development. Primary cilium is a cellular antenna that functions as an integrative platform to transduce extracellular signaling for proper development and differentiation. Several receptors including PDGFR-alpha are observed on primary cilia for initiating signaling cascades in distinct cell types. Here we showed that PDGF-AA/PDGFR-alpha signaling promoted Leydig cells growth, migration, and invasion via primary cilia. Upon PDGF-AA treatment, AKT and ERK signaling were activated to regulate these cellular events. Interestingly, active AKT and ERK were detected around the base of primary cilia. Depletion of ciliary genes (IFT88 and CEP164) alleviated PDGF-AA-activated AKT and ERK, thus reducing Leydig cell growth, migration, and invasion. Thus, our study not only reveals the function of PDGF-AA/PDGFR-alpha signaling in maintaining testicular physiology but also uncovers the role of primary cilium and downstream signaling in regulating Leydig cell development.
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